Intangiriro ku buryo bwo gukora amavuta

Intangiriro ku buryo bwo gukora amavuta

Uburyo bwo gukora amavuta ni uburyo bwikora buhuza ikoranabuhanga rya tekiniki, imiti n'ibiribwa, bugamije guhindura amata mabi (akenshi amavuta akozwe mu mavuta) mu buryo bwiza kandi bufite isuku.

Tuzatanga incamake irambuye iturutse ku bintu bibiri: inzira y'umusaruro n'ibikoresho by'ingenzi.

I. Uburyo bwo gukora amavuta

Amavuta ni ibinure by'amata. Ishingiro ry'igikorwa cyo kuyakora ni ugucagagura ibinure biri muri cream, bigatuma ibinure byishyira hamwe bigatandukana n'amazi (amata y'amata). Umusaruro w'inganda zigezweho ahanini ukoresha uburyo bwo gucukura buri gihe, kandi inzira ni iyi ikurikira:

1. Gutegura ibikoresho fatizo mbere yo kubitunganya no gutegura amavuta

• Kwakira no kugenzura amata mabi: Amata mashya yaguzwe abanza gusuzumwa neza, harimo ibinure, poroteyine, aside, ibisigazwa bya antibiyotike, nibindi.

• Gusukura no gutandukanya amata: Amata anyura mu cyuma gisukura amata gikoresheje centrifugal kugira ngo akureho imyanda, hanyuma akinjira mu cyuma gisukura amata. Icyuma gisukura amata kizunguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi, gikoresheje imbaraga za centrifugal kugira ngo gitandukanye amata yuzuyemo amata yakuwemo amavuta n'amavuta yoroheje. Ibinure biri mu cyuma gisukura amata yoroheje akenshi ni 35%-40%.

• Gukoresha amavuta yo gukaraba: Amavuta yoroshye yakuwemo ashyirwa mu cyuma gihindura ubushyuhe kugira ngo akoreshwe mu buryo bwo gukaraba (ubusanzwe kuri 85-95°C mu gihe cy'amasegonda menshi). Iyi ntambwe igamije kurandura bagiteri zose zitera indwara n'inyinshi muri zo zangiritse, kugira ngo habeho umutekano w'ibicuruzwa kandi bikongere igihe cyo kubikora.

• Gukuraho impumuro mbi mu byuma bivamo umwuka (ni ngombwa): Kugira ngo hakorwe amavuta afite uburyohe bwihariye, amavuta yoroheje rimwe na rimwe anyura mu gikoresho givamo umwuka, aho impumuro zimwe na zimwe z’ibiryo cyangwa izindi mpumuro mbi zikurwaho iyo igitutu kigabanutse.

• Gushyushya (ku mavuta yashyushye):

o Iyo urimo gukora amavuta ya fermented beurre (uburyohe busanzwe mu Burayi): Amavuta ya pasteurized light cream akonjeshwa kugeza ku bushyuhe bwo gushyuha (hafi 20°C), hanyuma agashyirwa mu bwoko bwa bagiteri ya lactic acid starter (nka Lactococcus lactis). Ashyushye mu buryo bugenzurwa mu gihe cy'amasaha menshi, agatanga ibintu nka diacetyl, biha amavuta impumuro yayo yihariye n'uburyohe bwayo busharira.

o Niba urimo gukora amavuta aryoshye: Iyi ntambwe irarebwa.

2. Gukura no gukurura umubiri

Iyi ni intambwe y'ingenzi mu ikorwa ry'amavuta.

• Gukonjesha no gushaza: Amavuta yoroshye yakuweho pasteur cyangwa adafunguye akonjeshwa vuba kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 4-8 kandi akabikwa kuri ubu bushyuhe mu gihe cy'amasaha menshi. Ubu buryo bwitwa "gushaza physical". Ubushyuhe buke butuma triglycerides zimwe na zimwe mu mavuta y'amata zihinduka nk'ingirabuzimafatizo, bigatuma ibinure byoroha, bikabitegura gushonga.

• Gukomeza gukurura: Amavuta akuze ahora ashyirwa mu bikoresho by'ingenzi - imashini ikora amavuta ahoraho.

o Icyiciro cya mbere: Kuvanga no gukora utunyangingo tw'ibinure: Mu gice cy'imbere cy'imashini ikora, itsinda ry'ibikoresho bizenguruka cyane bizunguruka cyane bicukura amavuta, bigaca uturemangingo tw'ibinure bigatuma ibinure byiyunga bikavamo utunyangingo duto tw'ibinure.

o Icyiciro cya kabiri: Gusohora no gutandukanya: Uruvange rw'ibinure n'amavuta y'umunyu bishyirwa mu gice cyo gusohora. Binyuze mu ruziga cyangwa mu gusohora amazi, amata menshi arasohoka. Amata y'umunyu arashobora kongera gukoreshwa.

3. Gukanda, gushushanya no gupakira

• Gukanda: Uduce tw'ibinure twatandukanyijwe n'amata yo mu bwoko bwa buttermilk twoherezwa mu gice cyo gukanda cy'imashini ikora. Imashini ikora ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa spiral conveyor cyangwa itsinda ry'ibikoresho bikorana byo gukanda inshuro nyinshi no gukanda uduce tw'ibinure.

o Intego ya 1: Hindura ubushuhe bw'amavuta kugira ngo akwirakwizwe neza mu mavuta.

o Intego ya 2: Kurandura ibinure bisigaye kugira ngo ibinure bifatanye neza mu buryo buhoraho, bikore imiterere yoroshye kandi isa.

o Intego ya 3: Muri iki cyiciro, umunyu (wo gukora amavuta y'umunyu), ibara (nka beta-carotene), cyangwa vitamine bishobora kongerwamo hakurikijwe ibisabwa n'umusaruro.

• Gushushanya no gukata: Amavuta yaciwe aba igice gikomeza kandi gishobora guhindurwa. Yoherezwa mu mashini itunganya, aho ishyirwa mu buryo bwihariye (nk'udukingirizo, inkoni), hanyuma igacibwamo uburemere bukenewe hakoreshejwe icyuma cy'icyuma cyihuta. • Gupfunyika: Uduce tw'amavuta twaciwe dupfunyikwa n'imashini ipfunyika ikoresheje aluminiyumu, impapuro zo mu ibara, cyangwa firime ya pulasitiki kugira ngo hirindwe ogisijeni n'ubwandu. Amavuta yapfunyitswe ashyirwa mu gasanduku ko hanze.

4. Ububiko buri muri firigo

Amavuta apfunyitse yoherezwa ako kanya mu bubiko bukonje (ubusanzwe ari hagati ya -18°C na 4°C, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa n'igihe bizamara), ategereje kugurishwa avuye mu ruganda.

II. Ibikoresho by'ingenzi by'umurongo wo gukora amavuta

Umurongo wuzuye wo gukora amavuta wikora ugizwe ahanini n'ibikoresho bikurikira:

1. Itandukanya amavuta: Ikoreshwa mu gutandukanya amavuta n'amata.

2. Imashini ihindura ubushyuhe mu masahani: Ikoreshwa mu gukaraba amavuta no kuyakonjesha no kuyashyushya nyuma yaho.

3. Ikigega cyo gushyushya (ni ngombwa): Gifite uburyo bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe no gukangura, gikoreshwa mu gukora amavuta yashyushye.

4. Ikigega cyo gukura: Gifite ubushyuhe bw'ibice bibiri, gikoreshwa mu gukonjesha no gukura amavuta mu buryo bw'umubiri.

5. Imashini ikora amavuta ahoraho: Ishingiro ry'umusaruro. Ihuza amata asya, asuka, akanda, n'ibirungo. Ibirango bizwi cyane birimo SPX FLOW (iyobowe na Gerstenberg Schröder) na GEA, n'ibindi.

6. Sisitemu yo Gusubiza Amata mu Mutsi: Ikusanya kandi igatunganya amata yatandukanyijwe.

7. Imashini ikora kandi igakata: Ishushanya kandi igakata amavuta.

8. Imashini ipakira mu buryo bwikora: Irangiza ipaki ya nyuma y'ibicuruzwa.

9. Sisitemu yo gusukura CIP mu mwanya wayo: Ni ingenzi. Ishinzwe gusukura no kwica udukoko mu buryo bwikora ku miyoboro, ibigega, n'ibindi bikoresho kugira ngo isuku n'umutekano by'ibiribwa bibe byasukuye.

10. Sisitemu yo kugenzura ya PLC: Icyumba cyo kugenzura cyo hagati. Igenzura kandi igahindura ibipimo (ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, ubwiyongere bw'amazi, umuvuduko, nibindi) by'igikorwa cyose cyo gukora binyuze muri ecran ya mudasobwa. Incamake

Uburyo bwo gukora amavuta bugezweho ni uburyo bwo gukora amavuta buri gihe bukoresha ikoranabuhanga, bufunze kandi bufite isuku. Buhindura neza amata mabi mo amavuta ahamye, afite umutekano kandi afite isuku binyuze mu kugenzura neza imiterere y’umubiri n’imiterere y’ibinyabuzima. Kuva ku kuvanga amata mu mbaho ​​zikozwe mu giti kugeza ku gukora amavuta muri iki gihe, iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ryongereye cyane umusaruro, ireme n’uburyo amavuta ahora aboneka.