Uburyo bwo gukora Margarine mu Bushinwa

Videwo yo gutunganya:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zar71w0TUzM 

Umusaruro wa marigarine ugizwe n'ibice bibiri: gutegura ibikoresho fatizo no gukonjesha no gushyira mu buryo bwa pulasitiki. Ibikoresho by'ingenzi birimo ibigega byo gutegura, pompe ya HP, votator (imashini ihindura ubushyuhe bw'ubuso ikaranze), imashini ihindura ibyuma, icyuma gikonjesha, imashini zuzuza margarine n'ibindi.

Uburyo bwa mbere ni uruvange rw'amavuta n'amazi, gupima no gusya amavuta n'amazi, kugira ngo hategurwe uburyo bwo kuyagaburira mu buryo bwa nyuma. Uburyo bwa nyuma ni ugukonjesha pulasitiki no gupakira ibicuruzwa.

Uburyo bwo gutegura margarine mu buryo bw'umwimerere bugaragara ku Ishusho ya 1:

1. 1.Amata yatetse

Amata ya margarine yongerwamo, n'amata nyuma yo gushyushya bagiteri za aside lactic aside bishobora gutanga uburyohe nk'ubwa cream karemano, bityo uruganda ruvanze amata yavuyemo n'amazi.

1. 2.Kuvanga amazi

Amazi n'ibindi bishongeshwa mu mazi biri muri formula ya margarine, nk'amata yatetse, umunyu, ibintu bibungabunga, nibindi, byongerwa mu gipimo cy'amazi n'ikigega gipima mu rugero rwagenwe kugira ngo bivangwe, bityo ibice by'amazi bigashonga mu buryo bumwe.

1. 3.Kuvanga amavuta mu cyiciro

Amavuta mashya afite imiterere itandukanye abanza kuvangwa mu gikoresho cyo kuvanga amavuta hakurikijwe igipimo cyagenwe, hanyuma ibikoresho bishongesha amavuta, nka emulsifier, antioxidant, pigment isongesha amavuta, cellulose isongesha amavuta, nibindi, byongerwa mu cyiciro cy'amavuta hakurikijwe igipimo, bivanze n'igikoresho cyo gupima, hanyuma bigakangwa kugira ngo bibe igice kimwe cy'amavuta.

1. 4.Emulsion

Intego yo gukwirakwiza margarine ni ugutuma igice cy'amazi gikwirakwira neza kandi mu buryo buhamye mu gice cy'amavuta, kandi urwego rwo gukwirakwira kw'igice cy'amazi bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku bwiza bw'umusaruro. Kubera ko uburyohe bwa margarine bufitanye isano rya hafi n'ingano y'uduce tw'amazi, gukwirakwira kwa mikorobe bikorwa mu gice cy'amazi, ingano ya bagiteri rusange ni mikoroni 1-5, bityo ibitonyanga by'amazi biri kuri mikoroni 10-20 cyangwa urwego ruto bishobora kugabanya ikwirakwira rya bagiteri, bityo gukwirakwira kw'igice cy'amazi ni ku rugero rwiza cyane, uduce tw'igice cy'amazi ni duto cyane bizatuma margarine itakaza uburyohe; Gukwirakwira ntibihagije, agace k'igice cy'amazi ni kanini cyane, bizatuma margarine ihinduka nabi. Isano iri hagati y'urwego rwo gukwirakwira kw'igice cy'amazi muri margarine n'imiterere y'umusaruro ni nk'iyi ikurikira:

Bigaragara ko imikorere ya emulsification igomba kugera ku rugero runaka rw'ibisabwa byo gukwirakwiza.

Intego yo kuvanga igice cy'amazi n'igice cy'amavuta ukwacyo no ku buryo bungana n'icyiciro cyabanje ni ukugira ngo emulsion yose ihuze neza nyuma yo kuvanga no kuvanga ibice bibiri by'amavuta n'amazi. Ikibazo cyo kuvanga emulsion ni dogere 50-60, igice cy'amazi cyongerwa ku gice cy'amavuta cyapimwe, mu kuvanga hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga cyangwa ku gukangura, ni uko igice cy'amazi gikwirakwira mu gice cy'amavuta, hagakorwa latex. Ariko ubu bwoko bw'amazi ya latex ntibuhamye cyane, guhagarika kuvanga bishobora kuba ku kibuga cy'imikino ngororamubiri gutandukanya amavuta n'amazi.

Nyuma yo gutanga emulsion ivanze, igikorwa cyo gukonjesha no gushyiramo pulasitiki gikorwa kugeza igihe ibicuruzwa bipfunyitse.

Emulsion igomba gukonjeshwa no gushyirwa muri pulasitiki kugira ngo ikoreshwe margarine yoroshye. Kuri ubu, ikoresha cyane cyane igikoresho gifunganye gitanga pulasitiki, kirimo votator cyangwa icyitwa scraped surface heat exchanger (igice A), pin rotor machine cyangwa imashini yo gukaranga (igice C) n'agace ko kuruhukiramo (igice B). Uburyo bw'ikoranabuhanga bugaragara ku Ishusho ya 2:

Iyi seti y'ibikoresho ifite ibi bikurikira:

1. Gukomeza gukoresha umwuka udafite umuvuduko mwinshi

Emulsion ivanze mbere ishyirwa muri silinda yo kuzimya hakoreshejwe pompe y'umuvuduko mwinshi kugira ngo ikoreshwe n'umutora. Umuvuduko mwinshi ushobora gutsinda ubudahangarwa mu gice cyose, uretse no gukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi bishobora gutuma ibicuruzwa biba bito kandi byoroshye. Gukoresha mu buryo bufunze bishobora gukumira umwuka n'umwuka bitewe no kuzimya no guhumeka kw'amazi avanze na emulsion, kwemeza ko ibikenewe mu buzima bw'umusaruro ari byiza, no kugabanya gutakaza ububiko.

2. Kuzimya no gusya ibinyampeke

Emulsion irazimwa na ammonia cyangwa Freon muri votator kugira ngo emulsion ikonje vuba, bityo hakonjeshwe uduce duto twa kristu, muri rusange mikoroni 1-5, bityo uburyohe bukaba bworoshye. Byongeye kandi, agakoresho ko gukurura ku giti kizenguruka muri votator gafitanye isano ya hafi n'urukuta rw'imbere rwa silinda, bityo agakoresho ko gukurura kaba gafite ubushobozi bwo gukurura gusa kristu ifatanye n'urukuta rw'imbere, ahubwo gatuma emulsion itatanye kugira ngo ihuze n'ibisabwa mu gukurura.

3. Gukaranga no gukuraho ubunini (imashini ikora pin rotor)

Nubwo emulsion ikonjeshejwe na votator yatangiye gukora crystallization, iracyakeneye gukura mu gihe runaka. Iyo emulsion yemerewe gukora crystallization igihe iruhutse, hazavuka urusobe rw'uturemangingo tw'amavuta akomeye. Ingaruka ni uko emulsion ikonje izaba ikomeye cyane nta plasticity. Kubwibyo, kugira ngo haboneke ibicuruzwa bya margarine bifite plasticity runaka, imiterere y'urusobe igomba gusenywa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa mekanike mbere yuko emulsion ikora imiterere rusange y'urusobe, kugira ngo hagerwe ku ngaruka zo kugabanya ububyimbirwe. Gukaranga no gukuramo ububyimbirwe bikorwa cyane cyane mu mashini ikora pin rotor.

Igice cya A (votator) mu by’ukuri ni igikoresho gikonjesha cya scrap. Emulsion ishyirwa mu gice cya A (votator) gifunze hakoreshejwe pompe ifite umuvuduko mwinshi. Ibikoresho binyura mu muyoboro uri hagati ya silindiri ikonjesha n'umuyoboro uzenguruka, kandi ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho bugabanuka vuba bitewe no kuzimya icyuma gikonjesha. Imirongo ibiri y'ibikoresho ishyirwa ku buso bw'umuyoboro. Amakristu akozwe ku buso bw'imbere bw'umuyoboro akurwaho n'icyuma gikonjesha cyihuta cyane kugira ngo buri gihe agaragaze ubuso bushya bukonjesha kandi akomeze korohereza ubushyuhe neza. Emulsion ishobora gukwirakwizwa hifashishijwe icyuma gikonjesha. Iyo ibikoresho binyuze muri igice cya A (votator), ubushyuhe bugabanuka kugera kuri dogere 10-20, ari munsi y'aho amavuta ashongeshereza. Nubwo amavuta atangiye gushonga, ntabwo aba afite imiterere ikomeye. Muri iki gihe, emulsion iba iri mu gihe cyo gukonjesha kandi ni amazi menshi.

Umurongo wo kuzenguruka w’igice cya A (votator) uba ufite ubusa. Mu gihe cyo gukora, amazi ashyushye ya dogere 50-60 asukwa hagati mu murongo wo kuzenguruka kugira ngo hirindwe ko kristali ifatana kandi igakira ku murongo bityo igatera kuziba.

Igice C (imashini ikora pin rotor) ni igikoresho cyo gukaranga no gukuraho ubunini, nk'uko bigaragara ku ishusho iri hejuru. Imirongo ibiri y'amaboliti y'icyuma ishyirwa ku mugozi uzenguruka, kandi umurongo w'amaboliti y'icyuma ahamye ushyirwa ku rukuta rw'imbere rwa silinda, ahujwe n'amaboliti y'icyuma ku mugozi kandi ntakorane. Iyo umugozi uzunguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi, amaboliti y'icyuma ku mugozi arenga icyuho cy'amaboliti y'icyuma ahamye, kandi ibikoresho birakonja neza. Muri iki gikorwa, gishobora guteza imbere gukura kwa kristu, gusenya imiterere y'urusobe rwa kristu, gukora kristu zidakomeza, kugabanya imiterere, no kongera imiterere y'ubuziranenge.

Igice C (imashini ikora pin rotor) gikora neza cyane mu gihe cy'ubukonje bwinshi, bityo gikenera gusa ubushyuhe bubungabungwa kandi ntigikeneye gukonjeshwa. Kubera ko ubushyuhe bwa crystallization burekurwa (hafi 50KCAL/KG), n'ubushyuhe buterwa no gukurura gukurura, ubushyuhe bwa pin rotor macjhine buruta ubushyuhe bwa feeding. Muri iki gihe, crystallization iba yuzuye ku kigero cya 70%, ariko iracyari yoroshye. Umusaruro wa nyuma urekurwa unyuze muri valve yo gusohora, kandi uzakomera nyuma y'igihe runaka.

Nyuma yo kohereza margarine ivuye muri C unit (imashini ikora pin rotor), igomba gushyushwa ku bushyuhe runaka. Muri rusange, ibicuruzwa bishyirwa ku bushyuhe bwa dogere 10 munsi y'aho bishongeshereza mu gihe kirenga amasaha 48. Ubu buryo bwitwa gushariza. Ibiryo bitetse bishobora koherezwa mu ruganda rutunganya ibiribwa kugira ngo bikoreshwe.